Researchers from Pennsylvania State University have developed a predictive model using tweets from 2009–2021 to detect extremist users and content related to the militant group 'Islamic State' (ISIS). The study could help social media companies identify and restrict such accounts in a timely manner, reducing their impact on online communities. The researchers identified potential propaganda messages and their characteristics and developed an image classifier to find the most frequent categories of images attached to tweets about ISIS. The study utilized artificial intelligence techniques, machine learning, and natural language processing to analyze tweets from potential ISIS supporters to identify their recent activities. Researchers discovered pervasive, continuous content from ISIS, featuring ideology-based words and images designed to evoke emotional responses, with hashtags like "The Islamic State" and "Caliphate News" being most commonly used.